| Country | Import taxes (customs duties) for buyers |
|---|---|
| France | Imports (outside the EU) of works of art, collectors' items, and antiques are subject to a reduced VAT rate of 5.5%. |
| Belgium | Imports (outside the EU) of works of art, collectors' items, and antiques are subject to a reduced VAT rate of 6%. |
| Spain | Imports (outside the EU) of works of art, collectors' items, and antiques are subject to a reduced VAT rate of 10%. The export of cultural goods over 50 years old from the EU may be subject to a progressive tax of up to 30% of the value of the goods. |
| Italy | Imports (outside the EU) of works of art, collectors' items, and antiques are subject to a reduced VAT rate of 10%. |
| United Kingdom | Imports (outside the EU) of works of art, collectors' items, and antiques are subject to a reduced VAT rate of 5%. |
| Germany | Imports of original works of art (outside the EU), collectors' items, and antiques are subject to a reduced VAT rate of 7%. |
| Luxembourg | Imports (outside the EU) of works of art, collectors' items, and antiques are subject to a reduced VAT rate of 8%. |
| Switzerland | Import VAT of 7.7%. There are free zones (such as the Geneva Free Port). |
| China |
The combined burden of import duties and import VAT can be up to 29%. There is a cultural free port in Beijing and Shanghai. |
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